Therefore, inasmuch as Labor Law § 27-a imposes a clear legal duty on public employers to provide a safe workplace for their employees, and "`an expansive interpretation is consistent with the over-all goal of '" (Gonzalez v. Moreover, Labor Law § 27-a is applicable to the uniformed services and the safety or protective equipment provided to them (see, Matter of City of New York v. However, General Municipal Law § 205-e(3) expressly provides for a right of action "regardless of whether the injury * * * is caused by the violation of a provision prohibiting activities or conditions which increase the dangers inherent in the work of any officer, member, agent or employee of any police department". The City further argues that Labor Law § 27-a is inapplicable here, as the nature of police work is not free from recognized hazards.The closest modern equivalent, though rarely used, is the motion for more definite statement. A bill of particulars, however, once submitted, confines the pleader to any causes of action or defenses in the bill. It has been observed, however, that the motion for a bill of particulars may have strategic advantages over a § 2-615 motion, because the latter, even where successful, usually results in the plaintiff being given an opportunity to refile. In Illinois, for instance, it is more common for defendants to file a motion to dismiss under the Illinois Code of Civil Procedure § 2–615, claiming the pleaded facts to be insufficient to support the causes of action alleged. states, like New York, Illinois, California (CCP 454), and Virginia, use the bill of particulars, and even there motions for a bill of particulars may be disfavored or disused.
![supplemental bill of particulars supplemental bill of particulars](https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6093/6326135912_8b13014161_b.jpg)
state law, the bill of particulars was abolished in nearly all court systems in the 1940s and 1950s due to the widespread recognition that much of the information requested could be obtained more efficiently through the discovery process. The Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure provide in rule 7(f) that "the court may direct the government to file a bill of particulars". In civil cases, a bill of particulars is a pleading, which "amplifies" the complaint, but can also act as a discovery device or tool. An insufficient response to a request for a bill of particulars may be grounds for dismissal of the claim, or other sanctions against the responding party.
![supplemental bill of particulars supplemental bill of particulars](https://data.docslib.org/img/1287536/bill-of-particulars-a-very-powerful-tool.jpg)
It is not entirely clear whether this can be done in practice in Britain on the Allocation questionnaire. It is rarely used in American small claims cases. In a civil action such as a tort or breach of contract case, either attorney or party can request it. This request may be part of an omnibus motion, motion in limine, or similar motion. However, prosecuting attorneys cannot request the same of the defense. In criminal law, defense attorneys may file a motion requesting a bill of particulars from prosecuting attorneys. A bill of particulars may be used in either criminal defense or in civil litigation. In common law jurisdictions, a bill of particulars is a detailed, formal, written statement of charges or claims by a plaintiff or the prosecutor given upon the defendant's formal request to the court for more detailed information.
![supplemental bill of particulars supplemental bill of particulars](https://images.sampletemplates.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/26184035/DMV-Notice-of-Sale.jpg)
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